HISTORY OF Rug

  KASHAN is located 258 km (160 miles) south of TEHRAN. It is a large oasis town along the western edge of the great desert, KAVIR, in the province of ISFAHAN in central IRAN.
The central heights of the country cross this township and part of it is located in a vast plain while the other part is in a mountainous area. The climate, like all of central IRAN, varies depending on the topography of the region. The mountainous areas are cold and the plains, especially the desert margins, are warm. KASHAN is one of the oldest cities of IRAN. Archeological excavations in the Sialk hills (located 4 km west of the city) indicate that this area was the home of pre-historic humans. It was a thriving city in the Sassanid Dynasty. During the Islamic period, KASHAN was a famous city as well. The local architecture is unique and interesting. The most important  historical and religious monuments of the city are as follows:

•    Several  hot mineral water springs
•    Fin and  Abbas-Abad historic
•    Abyaneh  historical and amazing village.
•    Several old public bathes
•    Borojerdi and Tabatabaie  House
•    Several undergro , and water reservoirs
•    KASHAN rugs and carpets are made from good quality wool,  often using kurk wool (from the neck of lambs).

They use extremely dense Persian or asymmetrical knots. Clear blues, shades of red, and beige and ivory form the field with numerous contrasting colors for the design. Many floral patterns are used, including arabesques, palmettos and leaf motifs, which are great for traditional and classical decors. KASHAN had a well established silk rug industry as early as the 17th century and their patterns have not changed much since that time. By the end of the Second World War, it was estimated that the city of Kashan could operate 12000 professional looms simultaneously so it have the BIG RUG Company .
Kashan is the one of city of Iran  that weaving BIG RUG  as several old.
In the city of Kashan the record of weaving brocade and velvet textiles as well as gold¬embroidered materials and fine-knotted rugs goes back to the era of the Safavid dynasty. At that time, each piece, in its own range, for the talent performed in dyeing and weaving was a formidable example of craftsmanship. In those days carpet weaving in Kashan reached its highest peak and the talented artists left many valuable samples of their masterpieces of which a certain number ornate the famous museums of the world. One of these is the famous "hunting scene" carpet, which one can admire in the museum if Vienna.
The highest degree in the art of weaving, dyeing and designing carpets in the world is also reflected in the gold-embroidered "Polonaise" carpets.
After this period of splendour, the art of carpet and textile weaving in both Kashan and the other areas began to decline.
Kashan produced carpets of the highest artistic craftsmanship over several centuries, especially those which were produced many years ago, are so beautiful and desirable that many carpet lovers ardently wish to possess one of them.
Not long ago most of the Kashan rugs were woven with Merinos wool, but because of its high cost, the usage of it was limited. At present the wool needed in Kashan and its dependencies is provided from internal sources such as Khorasan, Kerrnan shahan and Tehran. Formerly "Kork" and fine silk carpets were produced in Kashan but nowadays Ghom i's the leader in producing carpets of this category.
Fast-coloured, double-weft and Senneh knotted rugs and carpets most often have lacquer-red, dark blue, turquoise blue, off-white beige, brown and pistachio green background.
All formats, especially from about 1,5 x 2-20 m. up the large sizes common. Runners are
relatively rare.
Shah-Abbasi medallion and corner, overall Shah-Abbas], Overall vases, Candelabra medallion, tree with Mehrab, portrait, panorama and geometrical Josheqhan designs are those mostly woven in Kashan. Warps and wefts are of finely spun cotton. The carpets are dense; the quality is fine to very fine (up to 1.000.000 knots per sq. m.).
Different kinds of carpets and rugs resembling those of Kashan are woven in the dependencies and the villages such as Nush-Abad, Aran, Fin, Natanz, Ghamsar and Ravand. Admist these, the most popular are those of Natanz and Ghamsar.

KASHAN carpets and rugs have the greatest curvature and visibility among those of the cities in central part of IRAN. They all have similar patterns--a single medallion in the center and Persian floral motifs, including arabesques and flower-stems, palmettos, rosettes, blossom and leaf motifs, forming one of the densest patterns. KASHAN rugs and carpets are of excellent quality. Older ones (before 1945) are very good but today Kashan rug quality is not the best.  KASHAN rugs and carpets are one of the finest looking carpets in IRAN.Kashan rugs and carpets have soft wool and a thin (kork), tight pile. The foundation (warp and weft) of the rug is cotton, except in very fine pieces where it is pure silk. KASHAN rugs have Persian knots, The weave is fine to exceptionally fine. The quality of the carpet depends upon the number of knots, which varies, but averages from around 120 KPSI (30 RAJ) up to 842 KPSI (80 RAJ).

KASHAN carpets come in different sizes, but the majority of them are mid-size (4 x 6 to 8 x 10 feet). You can also find large rugs up to 0 x 18 feet. Ivory, light green and red predominate. Other colors such as soft green and blue are found in newer carpets.